اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری

اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری

تحلیل چندلایۀ رفتار سفر شهری در تهران؛ رویکردی عدالت‌محور به تعاملات روان‌شناختی، اجتماعی و ساختار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 استادیار دانشکدۀ شهرسازی، دانشکدگان هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
2 کارشناسی ارشد برنامه‌ریزی منطقه‌ای، دانشکدگان هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشکده شهرسازی، دانشکدگان هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
چکیده
الگوهای رایج تحلیل تقاضای سفر عمدتاً بر متغیرهای عینی نظیر زمان، هزینه و دسترسی استوار هستند و در تبیین پیوندهای پیچیده میان عوامل روان‌شناختی، اجتماعی و ساختاری رفتار سفر با کاستی مواجه‌اند. پژوهش حاضر با رویکردی میان‌رشته‌ای و عدالت‌محور، به تحلیل چندلایه رفتار سفر شهری در کلان‌شهر تهران پرداخته و می‌کوشد نقش ادراکات ذهنی، هویت اجتماعی و نابرابری‌های فضایی را در شکل‌دهی به انتخاب‌های حمل‌ونقلی تبیین کند. این مطالعه با روش اکتشافی _ تفسیری و الگوی لانه‌زنبوری طراحی شده است. در بخش کمی، داده‌ها بر پایۀ پرسشنامه‌ای شامل ۱۹ شاخص از ۴۰ شهروند که مقصد سفرشان محدودۀ طرح ترافیک تهران بود، به ‌صورت هدفمند گردآوری و با تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی بررسی شد. در بخش کیفی، ۱۸ مصاحبۀ عمیق نیمه‌ساختاریافته با شهروندان مناطق مختلف تهران تا دستیابی به اشباع نظری انجام گرفت. تلفیق دو بخش در تفسیر نهایی صورت گرفت؛ یافته‌های کمی به شناسایی و طبقه‌بندی ساختارهای پنهان مؤثر بر رفتار سفر کمک کرد و داده‌های کیفی با آشکارسازی تجربۀ زیسته، ادراک عدالت، بار شناختی، اضطراب سفر و معانی نمادین شیوه‌های جابه‌جایی، به تعمیق و اعتباربخشی نتایج انجامید. مزیت این رویکرد نسبت به مطالعات پیشین، عبور از تحلیل‌های تک‌بعدی و ارائۀ چارچوبی چندسطحی برای فهم تعامل میان ساختار فضایی، موقعیت اجتماعی و کنش سفر است. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد تحقق عدالت حمل‌ونقلی مستلزم فراتر رفتن از برابری صوری در دسترسی و توجه هم‌زمان به تجربۀ زیسته، تفاوت‌های منطقه‌ای و ابعاد اجتماعی _ روان‌شناختی جابه‌جایی شهری است. راهبردهای بوم‌محور و عدالت‌محور پیشنهادی بر کاهش بار شناختی، تقویت امنیت روانی سفر و ارتقای جایگاه حمل‌ونقل عمومی متناسب با شرایط متفاوت شهروندان استوار است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

A justice-oriented multilayer analysis of urban travel behavior in Tehran: Integrating psychological, social, and structural dimensions

نویسندگان English

Somayeh Ahani 1
Vida Auobi 2
Nioosha Lavasani 3
1 Urban and Regional Planning Department, Faculty of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 M.Sc. in Regional Planning, Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Urban Planning, College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Master’s student in Urban Planning, Faculty of Urban Planning, Faculty of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Conventional models of travel demand analysis have largely relied on objective variables such as time, cost, and accessibility, and they fall short in explaining the complex linkages among the psychological, social, and structural factors that underlie travel behavior. Adopting an interdisciplinary, justice-oriented approach, this study undertakes a multilayered analysis of urban travel behavior in Tehran metropolis to elucidate the roles of subjective perceptions, social identity, and spatial inequalities in shaping transportation choices. The study adopted an exploratory-interpretive method within a convergent (embedded) mixed-methods framework. In the quantitative phase, data were collected purposively via a questionnaire comprising 19 indicators from 40 citizens whose travel destinations lay within Tehran’s traffic control zone, and were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis. In the qualitative phase, 18 in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with citizens from various districts of Tehran until theoretical saturation was achieved. The integration of the two phases occurred at the interpretive stage: the quantitative findings helped identify and classify the latent structures influencing travel behavior, while the qualitative data, by revealing lived experience, perceptions of justice, cognitive load, travel-related anxiety, and the symbolic meanings of mobility modes, contributed to deepening and validating the results. The advantage of this approach over prior studies lies in its ability to move beyond one-dimensional analyses and offer a multilevel framework for understanding the interplay among spatial structure, social position, and travel behavior. The findings suggest that achieving transportation justice necessitates moving beyond formal equality of access to simultaneously address lived experiences, regional disparities, and the socio-psychological dimensions of urban mobility. The proposed ecosystem-based and justice-oriented strategies are grounded in reducing cognitive load, enhancing psychological security in travel, and elevating the role of public transportation in accordance with the diverse circumstances and experiences of citizens.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Spatial inequality
Tehran
transport justice
urban travel behavior
psychological factors
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دوره 7، شماره 12
در حال تکمیل
اسفند 1405
صفحه 48-67

  • تاریخ دریافت 15 فروردین 1405
  • تاریخ بازنگری 17 تیر 1405
  • تاریخ پذیرش 19 تیر 1405