اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری

اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری

ارائۀ الگوی ارزیابی سیستم حمل‏‌ونقل پایدار شهری با تأکید بر منطقۀ کلان‏‌شهری تهران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 پژوهشگر دورۀ دکتری، گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشکدۀ مدیریت و اقتصاد، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشگاه علوم انتظامی امین، تهران، ایران
3 استاد، گروه حمل‌و‌نقل، دانشکدۀ مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران
4 استاد، دانشکدۀ مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
سیستم‌های حمل‌ونقل در مناطق کلان‌شهری به دلیل پیچیدگی تعاملات هسته ـ پیرامون، نیازمند الگوهای ارزیابی چندبعدی و بوم‌زاد هستند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارائۀ الگوی ارزیابی سیستم حمل‌ونقل پایدار با تأکید بر منطقۀ کلان‌شهری تهران انجام شد. این مطالعه با روش آمیخته (کیفی ـ کمی) اجرا شد؛ در بخش کیفی، با استفاده از روش فراترکیب و مرور سیستماتیک در ۶ پایگاه دادۀ داخلی و بین‌المللی بر اساس تقاطع موضوعی (پایداری، حمل‌ونقل و مجموعه‌های کلانشهری)، ۴۱ مقالۀ منتخب شناسایی و شاخص‌ها استخراج شد. در بخش کمی، به منظور اعتبارسنجی مدل، از مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری (SEM) با مشارکت ۵۳۰ نفر از متخصصان (دارای تحصیلات تکمیلی مرتبط و حداقل ۵ سال سابقۀ اجرایی در مدیریت شهری تهران) استفاده شد. نوآوری اصلی پژوهش، تغییر مقیاس تحلیل از «شهر» به «منطقۀ کلان‌شهری» و تدوین شاخص‌های یکپارچه‌ساز است. یافته‌ها به شناسایی ۳ بعد، ۹ مؤلفه و ۵۳ زیرمؤلفه منجر شد. نتایج با برازش مناسب (0/832=GOF) نشان داد «بعد اقتصادی» (0/674=β)، «عوامل زیست‌محیطی» (0/481=β) و «بعد اجتماعی» (0/329=β) به‌ترتیب بیشترین نقش را در ارزیابی دارند. نتایج بیانگر آن است سیاست‌گذاری در تهران باید از مدیریت کالبدیِ شهر مادر به سمت «یکپارچگی منطقه‌ای» و تقویت عوامل بازدارنده ترافیک تغییر جهت دهد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Developing an evaluation model for sustainable urban transportation systems with emphasis on the Tehran Metropolitan Area

نویسندگان English

Mohammad Hossein Norouzi 1
Mohammad Javad Kameli 2
Shahriar Afandizadeh 3
Jamshid Salehi Sadaghiani 4
1 PhD candidate, Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Management and Economics, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Public Administration, Amin University of Police Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Transportation, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
4 Professor, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Transportation systems in metropolitan areas require multidimensional and context-specific evaluation models, due to the complexity of core–periphery interactions. This study develops an evaluation model for sustainable transportation systems with a particular focus on the Tehran Metropolitan Area. A mixed-methods approach was employed. In the qualitative phase, a meta-synthesis and systematic review were conducted using six national and international databases. Based on the thematic intersection of sustainability, transportation, and metropolitan areas, 41 relevant studies were selected, and their indicators were extracted. In the quantitative phase, structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to validate the proposed model using data collected from 530 experts possessing relevant graduate-level qualifications and at least five years of professional experience in Tehran’s urban management sector. The primary contribution of this study lies in shifting the unit of analysis from the “city” scale to the “metropolitan area” scale and developing a set of integrative indicators. The findings led to the identification of three dimensions, nine components, and fifty-three subcomponents. The results demonstrated a satisfactory model fit (GOF = 0.832). They revealed that the economic dimension (β = 0.674), environmental factors (β = 0.481), and the social dimension (β = 0.329) exerted the greatest influence on the evaluation model, respectively. The findings suggest that transportation policymaking in Tehran should move beyond the physical management of the core city to a regional integration approach and the strengthening of traffic-demand mitigation factors.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Meta-synthesis
structural equation modeling (SEM)
sustainable urban transportation
sustainable urban development
system evaluation model
Tehran metropolitan area
Aghaei M. (2023). Evaluation of urban transportation systems with a sustainable development approach (case study: Districts 1, 2, and 14 of Tehran). In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Modern Studies in Civil Engineering, Architecture, Urban Planning and Environment in the 21st Century, Tehran, Iran. https://civilica.com/doc/1753132 [in Persian]
Azizian G., Rezvani A. A., & Rajabi A. (2022). Presenting an optimal model for Tehran urban transportation, with emphasis on localized clean energy. Geography Quarterly (Regional Planning), 12(46): 284–312. https://www.doi.org/10.22034/jgeoq.2022.138286 [in Persian]
Banister, D. (2011). The critical role of the social sciences in transport research. British Academy Review, 18, 1-10.
Beck, C. T. (2002). A meta-synthesis of qualitative research. MCN: The American Journal of Maternal/Child Nursing, 27(4), 214–221. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005721-200207000-00004
Büchel, S., & Marquet, O. (2020). Measuring sustainable urban mobility: A multi-dimensional framework. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 85, 102487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2020.102487
C40 Cities. (2021). The future of urban transportation: Inclusive and climate-resilient mobility. https://www.c40.org
Diao, M. (2019). Towards sustainable urban transport in Singapore: Policy instruments and mobility trends. Transport Policy, 81, 320–330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2018.05.005
Farahmand M., Shokouhiyar S., & Farhabakhsh N. (2025). Ranking sustainable transportation evaluation indicators based on social network analysis (Twitter). Dynamic Management and Business Analysis, 4(1): 326–347. https://doi.org/10.61838/dmbaj.2025.30.720 [in Persian]
Gatta, V., Marcucci, E., Nigro, M., & Serafini, S. (2019). Sustainable urban freight transport adopting public transport-based crowdshipping for B2C deliveries. European Transport Research Review, 11(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-019-0352-x
Ghadami, M., Alavy Moghadam, M. R., & Esmailpour, A. (2021). Political economy of urban space: Analysis of the drivers of city expansion in Tehran. Journal of Urban Management. 
Goldman, T., & Gorham, R. (2006). Sustainable urban transport: Four innovative directions. Technology in Society, 28(1–2), 261–273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2005.10.007
Grande-Ayala, C. E. (2024). An assessment of accessibility from a socially sustainable urban mobility approach in mass transit projects. Sustainability, 16(9), 3766. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16093766
Habibi, K., Lotfi, S., & Koohsari, M. J. (2020). The political economy of urban land and housing in Tehran: A historical perspective. Land Use Policy*, 99, 104953. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.104953
Heidarpour A., & Jaberi R. (2021). Sustainable transportation in Iran: Measurement and analysis of related indicators. Urban Economics and Planning Quarterly, 2(4), 247–264. https://doi.org/10.22034/UE.2022.02.04.01 [in Persian]
Hirai, T., & Comim, F. (2022). Measuring the sustainable development goals: A post analysis. Ecological Indicators, 145, 109605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.109605
Hosseini S. J., Rajabi A., Safaeian A., & Rezvani A. A. (2024). Evaluating indicators for achieving public-oriented urban transportation development (case study: District 11 of Tehran). Urban and Regional Development Planning Quarterly, 9(28): 197–237. https://doi.org/10.22054/urdp.2023.55092.1248 [in Persian]
Hosseinzadeh, A., Kluger, R., & Moeinaddini, M. (2023). Investigating the barriers to sustainable urban mobility in Middle Eastern megacities: The case of Tehran. Sustainable Cities and Society*, 92, 104470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2023.104470
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. (2022). Climate change 2022: Mitigation of climate change. Cambridge University Press.
International Transport Forum. (2023). Transport transitions and resilience in cities. OECD Publishing.
Kline, R. B. (2015). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (4th ed.). Guilford Press.
Li, Q., & Samimi, C. (2023). Assessing human mobility and its climatic and socioeconomic factors for sustainable development in Sub-Saharan Africa. Sustainability, 15(15), 11661. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511661
Litman, T. (2023). Evaluating transportation equity: Guidance for incorporating distributional impacts. Victoria Transport Policy Institute. 
Marcarian, T., Obreja, V., Murray, K., Meltzer, J., & Miller, P. S. (2023). Success in supporting early mobility and exercise in a cardiothoracic intensive care unit. Journal of Nursing Administration, 53(3), 161–167. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNA. 0000000000001262
Mishra, A. R., Rani, P., Cavallaro, F., Hezam, I. M., & Lakshmi, J. (2023). An integrated intuitionistic fuzzy OCRA method for sustainable urban transportation options selection. Axioms, 12(2), 144. https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms12020144
Mohsenin S., & Esfidani M. R. (2017). Structural equation modeling based on partial least squares using SmartPLS: Applied and instructional. Mehraban Publishing. [In Persian]
NACTO. (2022). Equitable micro-mobility: A framework for inclusive planning. https://nacto.org
Ngossaha, J. M. (2024). Toward sustainable urban mobility: A multidimensional ontology-based framework. Sustainability, 16(11), 4458. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114458
Norouzi M. H., Kameli M. J., Afandizadeh S., & Salehi-Sedghiani J. (2023a). Examining relationships among components of the urban transportation system evaluation model based on sustainable development indicators. Urban Economics and Planning, 4(3): 188–210. DOI: 10.22034/UEP.2023.413831.1399 [In Persian]
Norouzi M. H., Kameli M. J., Salehi-Sedghiani J., & Afandizadeh S. (2023b). Explaining the role of energy consumption in the metropolitan transportation evaluation model. Sustainable Energy Systems Quarterly, 3(1): 89–112. https://doi.org/10.22059/ses.2024.378320.1077 [In Persian]
Sandelowski, M., & Barroso, J. (2006). Handbook for synthesizing qualitative research. Springer Publishing Company.
World Bank. (2023). Climate-resilient transport infrastructure: A toolkit for cities. World Bank Publications.
دوره 7، شماره 10
دی 1405
صفحه 120-133

  • تاریخ دریافت 29 آذر 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 15 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ پذیرش 15 خرداد 1405