Urban agriculture in public green spaces, as an innovative approach to sustainable urban development, has considerable potential to enhance urban environmental quality and strengthen citizen participation. However, the success of this approach is highly dependent on the institutional arrangements that facilitate or constrain citizen engagement. The present study aims to identify and prioritise the indicators influencing citizen participation in urban agriculture within public green spaces, adopting the Policy Arrangement Approach.

This research was conducted using a mixed qualitative–quantitative methodology in two phases. In the first phase, through content analysis of 40 reputable national and international sources, 47 participation indicators were identified and classified into 13 components across four dimensions: resources, actors, rules, and discourse. In the second phase, in order to achieve consensus and refine the indicators, the fuzzy Delphi method was employed with the participation of 26 interdisciplinary experts, and the reliability of the results was assessed using the non-parametric Friedman test.

The findings led to the confirmation of 38 indicators and their prioritisation. The results indicated that the resources dimension—particularly physical access and spatial allocation—holds the greatest importance in shaping participation, followed by the dimensions of rules and regulations, actors, and participatory discourse.

Overall, citizen participation in urban agriculture, as an institutional process, requires the alignment of physical infrastructure, transparent legal frameworks, organised actors, and an outcome-oriented participatory discourse. The proposed framework can serve as an analytical and policy-oriented guide for the planning and participatory governance of public green spaces.