اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری

اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری

نقد و بررسی چارچوب نظری و روش‌شناختی تحقیقات و برنامه‌های اقتصادی شهرداری تبریز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده
دکتری اقتصاد دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران
چکیده
در حالی ‎که شهر تبریز گرفتار مسائل مختلفی مثل نظام بودجه‌ریزی غیرعملیاتی، عدم ‌شفافیت، حامی‌پروری، ظرفیت پایین اجرای سیاست‌ها و برنامه‌ها، فن‌سالاری در تصمیم‌گیری، سرمایه‌گذاری مولد پایین، فقر و نابرابری مناطق، حاشیه‌نشینی لجام‌گسیخته، عدم‌ انطباق کارایی با ساختار نهادی شهر و امثال این مشکلات است، راهبردهای غالباً تقلیدی کاربست‌شده، به‌ جای آنکه راه‌حل این مسائل بومی باشند، غالباً خود بخشی از مشکل شده‌اند. اقتباس کورکورانۀ راهبردها از «یک بهترین سرمشقِ» کشورهای صنعتی (راه‌حل‌محوری)، و نادیده ‌گرفتن مسائل، شرایط و اقتضاهای محیط بومی شهر تبریز، اجرای آن‌ راه‌حل‌ها را با مسئله روبه‌رو کرده و به ناتوانمندی حکومت شهری انجامیده است. «نظم اجتماعی دسترسی محدود» در تصمیم و تخصیص منابع شهری، باعث شده است که معدود ذی‌نفعان وضعیت نابسامان موجود، همچنان راه‌حل‌محوری را به‌ جای مسئله‌محوری، پایۀ تحقیقات، برنامه‌ها و سیاست‌های پیشنهادی‌شان قرار دهند. مقالۀ حاضر در چارچوب نظریۀ نهادی جدید و روش هنر علم اقتصاد، ضمن بررسی انتقادیِ انتقالِ ترجمه‎ای راه‌حل‌های بافت دیگر و تلاش برای جا انداختن آن در بافتی متفاوت مثل شهر تبریز، نتیجه می‌گیرد که برطرف کردن چالش‌های پیش‌گفته، منوط به مسئله‌محوری و کاربست درست نظریات و مدل‌ها است. البته ذی‌نفعان وضع موجود مانع از مسئله‌گشایی به این طریق خواهند شد. لذا راه‌حل این است که در بزنگاه‌های تاریخی، گذار از وضع موجود به وضع مطلوب را چنان ترسیم کنیم که به ‌جای تلاش برای حذف کامل ذی‌نفعان وضع موجود و در نتیجه، برانگیختن مقاومت و خشونت‌ورزی آن‌ها، منافعشان را درگیر فعالیت‌های مولد و فراگیر کردن نظام تصمیم و تخصیص منابع بکنیم.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Critical review of the theoretical and methodological framework of economic research and programs of Tabriz Municipality

نویسنده English

Yavar Ahmadpour Turkmani
Ph.D in economics, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده English

While Tabriz is grappling with various issues such as a non-operational budgeting system, lack of transparency, patronage, low capacity to implement policies and programs, technocracy in decision-making, low productive investment, poverty and regional inequality, uncontrolled marginalization, ineffective adaptation of the city’s institutional structure, and similar problems, the predominantly imitative strategies that have been applied rather than being indigenous solutions to these issues have often themselves become part of the problem. The blind adoption of strategies from “one best practice” of industrialized countries (solution-oriented approach) and the disregard for the issues, conditions, and requirements of Tabriz’s local context have turned the implementation of those solutions into a problem and led to the inefficiency of urban governance. The “limited access social order” in urban decision-making and resource allocation has allowed a small number of stakeholders to benefit from the current dysfunctional situation and continue basing their proposed research, programs, and policies on solution-oriented rather than problem-oriented approaches. The present article, within the framework of new institutional economics and the art of economic science methodology, while critically examining the translational transfer of solutions from other contexts and the attempt to implant them in a different context like Tabriz, concludes that addressing the aforementioned challenges is contingent upon adopting a problem-oriented approach and the proper application of theories and models. Of course, the stakeholders of the status quo will obstruct problem-solving in this manner. Therefore, the solution is that, at historical junctures, the transition from the current situation to the desired situation should be designed in such a way that, instead of attempting to eliminate the stakeholders of the status quo (and consequently provoking their resistance and violence), their interests are engaged in productive activities and the inclusive broadening of the decision-making and resource allocation system.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

limited access social order
problem-oriented approach
solution-oriented approach
Tabriz municipal programs and policies
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دوره 7، شماره 11
بهمن 1405
صفحه 4-19

  • تاریخ دریافت 22 آبان 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 15 آذر 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 15 آذر 1404