اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری

اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری

خانواده در متن شهر: چارچوبی مفهومی برای شکل‌گیری محیط شهری دوستدار خانواده در ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری شهرسازی، دانشکدۀ هنر و معماری، گروه شهرسازی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
2 استاد، گروه شهرسازی، دانشکدۀ هنر و معماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
3 دانشیار، گروه شهرسازی، دانشکدۀ هنر و معماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران‌
چکیده
شهرها فراتر از ظرف کالبدی، بستری برای شکل‌گیری روابط خانوادگی، حمایت‌های مراقبتی و تعاملات اجتماعی‌اند. در ایران اما برنامه‌ریزی شهری همچنان زیرساخت‌محور است و به نیازهای زنان، کودکان، سالمندان و خانواده‌های چندنسلی کمتر توجه دارد؛ موضوعی که موجب تضعیف رفاه، افزایش فشارهای روانی ـ اجتماعی و تشدید نابرابری جنسیتی می‌شود. عدالت فضایی و دسترسی ایمن به خدمات، فضاهای سبز و مسیرهای پیاده‌روی می‌تواند انسجام خانوادگی و سلامت را ارتقا دهد. این پژوهش با مرور نظام‌مند و تحلیل محتوایی اسناد علمی و سیاستی (۲۰۰۸-۲۰۲۵) و با تبعیت از PRISMA، از میان ۴۵۰ رکورد، ۱۵۳ منبع واجد شرایط را پس از ارزیابی کیفی انتخاب و در MAXQDA کدگذاری کرد. تحلیل داده‌ها چارچوبی علّی نشان داد در آن ساختار کالبدی و حکمرانی از طریق متغیرهایی همچون دسترس‌پذیری، ایمنی، زیبایی‌شناسی و حس تعلق به پیامدهایی همچون زیست‌پذیری، عدالت فضایی ـ جنسیتی و تاب‌آوری متصل می‌شود. یافته‌ها بیانگر ضرورت کاهش خودرومحوری، ایجاد فضاهای چندنسلی و ارتقای کیفیت محیطی است، در حالی که ضعف هماهنگی بین‌بخشی، بروکراسی و شکاف سند تا عمل موانع اصلی‌اند. خانواده‌ها باید از مصرف‌کنندۀ فضا به کنشگر هم‌طراح بدل شوند. در این راستا، سه شاخص کاربردی ـ شاخص دسترسی خانوادگی (FAI)، تراکم خانوادگی (FD) و عدالت جنسیتی مراقبت‌محور (CGJ) ـ برای سنجش و هدایت مداخلات شهری معرفی شد. این بسته ابزارها مسیر ترجمۀ نظریه به عمل، پایش سیاست‌ها و نهادینه‌سازی برنامه‌ریزی خانواده‌محور را مشخص می‌کند. در مجموع، نتایج این مطالعه می‌تواند مبنایی برای تدوین سیاست‌ها و طراحی شهری خانواده‌محور در ایران و سایر جوامع با شرایط مشابه فراهم آورد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Family in the urban context: a conceptual framework for shaping family-friendly urban environments in iran

نویسندگان English

Mana Vahid Bafandeh 1
Mojtaba Rafieian 2
Seyed Mahdi Khatami 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate in Urban Planning, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Department of Urban Planning, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Cities, beyond being physical containers, serve as arenas for shaping family relationships, caregiving support, and social interactions. In Iran, however, urban planning remains largely infrastructure-oriented, with limited attention to the needs of women, children, older adults, and multigenerational households—a neglect that undermines well-being, increases psychosocial stress, and exacerbates gender inequalities. Spatial justice and safe access to services, green spaces, and walkable routes can enhance family cohesion and health. Following PRISMA guidelines, this study conducted a systematic review and content analysis of scientific and policy documents (2008–2025). Out of 450 records, 153 eligible sources were quality-assessed and coded in MAXQDA. Data analysis revealed a causal framework in which physical structure and governance, through variables such as accessibility, safety, aesthetics, and sense of belonging, are linked to outcomes including livability, spatial–gender justice, and resilience. The findings highlight the need to reduce car dependency, create intergenerational spaces, and improve environmental quality, while noting that weak intersectoral coordination, bureaucracy, and the gap between policy and practice remain significant barriers. Families must shift from passive consumers of space to active co-designers. To this end, three practical indices are introduced: the Family Accessibility Index (FAI), Family Density (FD), and Care-Gender Justice (CGJ), which are applied to evaluate and guide urban interventions. This toolkit outlines pathways for translating theory into practice, monitoring policies, and institutionalizing family-oriented urban planning. Overall, the results provide a foundation for developing policies and urban designs that prioritize families in Iran and comparable contexts.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Conceptual Model
Family
Family-Friendly City
Family-Friendly Urban Environment
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دوره 7، شماره 2
اردیبهشت 1405
صفحه 124-144

  • تاریخ دریافت 07 مرداد 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 07 مهر 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 07 مهر 1404