اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری

اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری

ارزیابی شاخص‌های توسعۀ پایدار اجتماعی در شهرهای اقماری ایران با تأکید بر شهر قرچک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 استادیار گروه شهرسازی، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه شهرسازی، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
گسترش شتابان شهرهای اقماری در پیرامون کلان‌شهرهایی مانند تهران، در نتیجه غلبۀ رویکردهای کالبدی و مهندسی بر ابعاد اجتماعی، به بروز بحران‌های عمیق در حوزۀ پایداری اجتماعی انجامیده است. هدف این پژوهش، ارزیابی وضعیت توسعۀ پایدار اجتماعی در شهر قرچک و شناسایی عوامل بنیادین ناپایداری با تأکید بر مدل‌سازی روابط علّی میان شاخص‌هاست. روش تحقیق از نوع کاربردی ـ توسعه‌ای با ماهیت توصیفی ـ تحلیلی بوده و داده‌ها از طریق پرسشنامه ساختارمند 5درجه‌ای لیکرت از ۴۷ نفر از خبرگان، مدیران و برنامه‌ریزان شهری گردآوری شده است. تحلیل داده‌ها با بهره‌گیری از آزمون‌های t تک‌نمونه‌ای و ویلکاکسون و مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری مبتنی بر روش کمترین مربعات جزئی (PLS-SEM) انجام پذیرفت. یافته‌های آماری نشان می‌دهد وضعیت پایداری اجتماعی در قرچک با میانگین کلی 2/22 در سطح بحرانی قرار دارد و بُعد «عدالت فضایی و کالبدی» با میانگین 2/04 پایین‌ترین وضعیت را دارد. نتایج تحلیل عاملی تأییدی (CFA) بیانگر آن است که شاخص‌های «دسترسی به آموزش» (بار عاملی 0/728) و «اعتماد به مدیریت شهری» (بار عاملی 0/79) مهم‌ترین پیشران‌های پایداری اجتماعی محسوب می‌شوند. نوآوری این پژوهش در تبیین سازوکار «شکست کالبدی ـ فرسایش اجتماعی» است که آشکار می‌سازد نابرابری در توزیع خدمات شهری نه فقط یک مسئلۀ فنی، بلکه عامل اساسی در شکل‌گیری احساس تبعیض و کاهش تعلق مکانی است. نتایج نهایی بر ضرورت بازنگری فوری در طرح‌های توسعۀ شهری قرچک و تقویت حکمرانی محلی با تمرکز بر بازتولید عدالت فضایی تأکید دارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Assessment of social sustainable development indicators in Iranian satellite cities: a case study of the city of Qarchak

نویسندگان English

Atiyeh Asgari 1
Negin Shourani 2
Mehrshad Jahanabadi 2
1 Assistant professor, Department of Urbanism., ST.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 MA, Department of Urbanism., ST.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

The rapid expansion of satellite cities surrounding metropolitan areas such as Tehran, driven by the dominance of physical and engineering-oriented approaches over social dimensions, has resulted in profound crises in the realm of social sustainability. This study aims to assess the status of social sustainable development in the city of Qarchak and to identify the fundamental drivers of unsustainability, with particular emphasis on modeling causal relationships among indicators. The research adopts an applied–developmental approach with a descriptive–analytical design. Data were collected through a structured five-point Likert-scale questionnaire administered to 47 experts, urban managers, and planners. Data analysis was conducted using one-sample t-tests, the Wilcoxon test, and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The statistical findings indicate that the overall level of social sustainability in Qarchak is in a critical condition, with an aggregate mean score of 2.22. At the same time, the dimension of spatial and physical justice exhibits the weakest performance, with a mean value of 2.04. The results of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) reveal that access to education (factor loading = 0.728) and trust in urban management (factor loading = 0.79) are the most influential drivers of social sustainability. The key innovation of this study lies in conceptualizing the mechanism of physical failure–social erosion, demonstrating that inequalities in the distribution of urban services are not merely technical shortcomings but constitute a fundamental factor in the formation of perceived discrimination and the erosion of place attachment. The findings underscore the urgent need to revise urban development plans in Qarchak and to strengthen local governance with a focus on the reproduction of spatial justice.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Assessment
Sustainable development indicators
Social sustainability
Satellite cities
Qarchak City
Atalay, A., & Švagždienė, B. (2023). Sustainable development. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37401-2_1
Alizadeh Ghanad, M. (2015). Examining sustainable principles in defining the position of the sustainable city. Journal of Sustainable City Studies, 3.
Bana, K., Kalantari, & Shokoohi, M. (2005). Evaluating the challenges and problems of new satellite cities. Geographical Thought, 4, 51–73.
Basirat, M., & Arbab, P. (2022). Analysing new town development in Iran. International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development. https://doi.org/10.14246/irspsd.10.3_84
Boca Santa, S. L., Coelho, S. D., & Salgueirinho, O. de A. G. J. B. (2024). The evolution of cities and the issues related to sustainability. https://doi.org/10.17352/raeeo.000001
Bramley, G., & Power, S. (2009). Urban form and social sustainability: The role of density and housing type. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 36(1), 30–48. https://doi.org/10.1068/b33129
Buxton, M., Carey, R., & Phelan, K. (2016). The role of peri-urban land use planning in resilient urban agriculture: A case study of Melbourne, Australia. In B. Maheshwari, B. Thoradeniya, & V. P. Singh (Eds.), Balanced urban development: Options and strategies for liveable cities (Vol. 72). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28112-4_10
Campos-Sánchez, F. S., Abarca-Álvarez, F. J., & Domíngues, Á. (2022). Sustainability, planning and urban development: Seek key integration by studying recent cases. Eco Cities. https://doi.org/10.54517/ec.v3i2.1840
Canbulut, T. (2025). The disadvantaged position of children in urban areas: Shaping their lives in the shadows of the city. https://doi.org/10.58830/ozgur.pub676.c2823
Dehshiri, M. R. (2015). Globalization and sustainable development. Quarterly Journal of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development, 2.
Dempsey, N., Bramley, G., Power, S., & Brown, C. (2011). The social dimension of sustainable development: Defining meaning and measuring social sustainability. Sustainable Development, 19(5), 289–300. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.417
Джамалудинова, М. Ю., & Магомедова, З. Д. (2024). Factors of satellite city development. Regional and Branch Economy. https://doi.org/10.47576/2949-1916.2024.3.3.004
Ebaid, M. (2024). Interconnected dimensions and guiding principles of sustainability: A comprehensive review. Journal of Al-Azhar University Engineering Sector. https://doi.org/10.21608/auej.2024.257636.1547
Feng, J., & Hou, H. (2023). Review of research on urban social space and sustainable development. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su152216130
Fershchin, A. R., & Ramazani, R. (2015). Comparison of strategic planning principles in Iran’s urban planning process with its theoretical and practical framework in the United States. 2nd International Conference on Research in Science and Technology.
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104
Gorjian, M. (2025). Statistical methodologies for urban morphology indicators. arXiv preprint arXiv:2508.08305. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2508.08305
Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203
Harvey, D. (1973). Social justice and the city (Rev. ed., 2009). University of Georgia Press.
Hasnath, S. A. (2024). Megacities in developing Asia: Challenges and opportunities. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781800882966.00021
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
Hosseini, S. Z., Wynn, M., & Parpanchi, S. M. (2024). The Farahzad neighbourhood of Tehran: Land use transition in the city periphery. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202411.0192.v1
Janakipour, F., Zarghamfard, M., Hajisharifi, A., & Hoseinzadeh, R. (2022). The Iranian housing system under the Islamic Republic government (1990–2021). Miscellanea Geographica. https://doi.org/10.2478/mgrsd-2022-0014
Keller, J. (2024). The disruption of trust and trust networks: Tracing residents’ struggles in the housing market. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57758-1_5
Mahdii, M. (2024). Strategic planning for spatial governance: A case study of the Central District in Arak County, Iran. Asian Journal of Political Science. https://doi.org/10.1080/02185377.2024.2345058
Mahdizadeh, J. (2021). Strategic urban development planning: Recent global experiences and its position in Iran (6th ed.). Tehran: Arman Shahr Publications.
Mohammadi, M. (2015, December). City, nature and sustainable development. In Proceedings of the Conference on New Research in Civil Engineering, Architecture, and Urban Planning. Tehran: IRIB International Conference Center.
Niazi, A. J., & Yar, S. M. (2022). A study on creation of new towns and their development in the postwar era: Founding ideas and forms of new towns. International Journal of Advanced Academic Studies. https://doi.org/10.33545/27068919.2022.v4.i1a.675
Parvaresh, K., & Arghan, A. (2018). Measuring sustainable development indicators toward shaping urban sustainable development. Journal of Sustainable City, 1, 27–40.
Pérez, C. (2025). Análisis de los servicios sociales en los grupos prioritarios en la parroquia 11 de noviembre. Deleted Journal. https://doi.org/10.62305/biosana.v5i4.711
Pilehvar, A. A. (2021). Spatial–geographical analysis of urbanization in Iran. Palgrave Communications. https://doi.org/10.1057/S41599-021-00741-W
Puentes, E., Hidalgo-Guerrero, A., Betancourt, C., & Ortiz-Bernal, Y. (2021). Indicadores de sostenibilidad social y su relación con el concepto de capital social. Revista de Arquitectura. https://doi.org/10.14718/REVARQ.2021.3072
Putnam, R. D. (2000). Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community. Simon & Schuster. https://doi.org/10.1145/358916.361990
Rabiei-Dastjerdi, H. (2023). One thousand and one cities: Socio-spatial patterns and challenges over a half-century of urbanization in Iran. Middle East Critique. https://doi.org/10.1080/19436149.2023.2256144
Rao, B. P. S. V. (2025). Community resilience and urban planning integrating social capital and infrastructure strategies. Journal of Applied Bioanalysis. https://doi.org/10.53555/jab.v11i1.061
Sarrafi, H., et al. (2009). Evaluation of socio-economic indicators of sustainable development in the historical neighborhood of Meybod City. Geographical Research, 28(1), 178–205.
Schwanen, T. (2025). Mobility justice. International Encyclopedia of Geography. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118786352.wbieg2231
Shevchenko, O. V., & Shevchuk, O. (2024). Modern urban processes as a basis for strategic management of urban development: A contribution to the methodology of scientific research. Вчені Записки. https://doi.org/10.33111/vz_kneu.35.24.02.13.089.095
Shokoohi, M., Qarakhloo, M., & Khazaei-Nejad, F. (2012). Factors affecting the population acceptance of new satellite cities: A case study of Andisheh new town. Human Geography Researches, 44(79), 75–86.
Singh, A. (2024). Sustainable emerging trends in urban planning. Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineering. https://doi.org/10.35629/8193-09123135
Sustainable Human Habitats Development. (2023). RISUS - Revista de Inovação e Sustentabilidade. https://doi.org/10.23925/2179-3565.2023v14i1p87-103
Tonón, G., Martínez, J., & Mikkelsen, C. A. (2024). Community quality of life and socio-spatial inequalities. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781035312450.00008
Vafaee, A., & Yahyaipour, M. (2017). The necessity of a strategic planning approach in urban sustainable development: A case study of Kashan city. National Conference on Civil Engineering, Architecture, Environment, and Sustainable Development.
Veckalne, R., & Tambovceva, T. (2023, May 11). Towards a common understanding of urban sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3846/bm.2023.962
Yigit, S. (2024). A sustainable world. Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies Book Series. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-2845-3.ch002
Ziyari, K., Maleki, R., & Maemari, E. (2019). Analysis of social sustainability with an approach to urban sustainable development. Journal of Urban Sustainable Development, 14(2).
دوره 7، شماره 6
شهریور 1405
صفحه 150-166

  • تاریخ دریافت 25 آذر 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 15 دی 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 09 بهمن 1404