اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری

اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری

رتبه‌بندی ابزارهای نوین تأمین مالی پروژه‌های شهری با رویکرد ترکیبی چندمعیاره (مطالعۀ موردی: شهرداری همدان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت کسب و کار، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران
2 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت، دانشکدۀ علوم اقتصادی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران
3 استادیار، گروه مدیریت، دانشکدۀ مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران‌
چکیده
با گسترش کلان‌شهرها و افزایش تقاضا برای خدمات شهری، درآمدهای سنتی شهرداری‌ها پاسخ‌گوی هزینه‌های عمرانی و جاری نیست. این شکاف مالی، حرکت به سمت شیوه‌های نوین تأمین مالی را ضروری می‌سازد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف اولویت‌بندی ۲۴ ابزار نوین تأمین مالی (مستخرج از ادبیات) برای ۵ پروژۀ منتخب شهرداری همدان، با استراتژی کمی و بهره‌گیری از نظرات ۱۵ خبرۀ حوزۀ مالی و سرمایه‌گذاری انجام شد. به این‌منظور، از تکنیک‌های تصمیم‌گیری چندمعیاره (MCDM) استفاده شد که در آن، وزن‌دهی به معیارها از طریق فرایند تحلیل سلسله‌مراتبی (AHP) و رتبه‌بندی نهایی گزینه‌ها با تکنیک تاپسیس (TOPSIS) صورت پذیرفت. یافته‌ها نشان داد از میان معیارهای پنج‌گانه (ریسک، هزینه، زمان، بازدهی و کارایی)، شاخص «کارایی» با وزن 0/476 بیشترین اهمیت را در انتخاب روش تأمین مالی دارد. همچنین، نتایج اولویت‌بندی پروژه‌ها بیانگر آن است که در پروژه‌های بزرگ‌مقیاس و درآمدزا با جریان نقدی پایدار، روش‌های مشارکتی خانوادۀ BOT در اولویت نخست قرار دارند؛ حال‌ آنکه برای پروژه‌های املاک و مستغلات که فاقد درآمد مستمر و مبتنی بر ارزش دارایی هستند، ابزارهای «صندوق زمین و ساختمان»، «مشارکت مدنی» و «تهاتر» گزینه‌های ارجح محسوب می‌شوند و در پروژه‌های تجاری نیز روش «مشارکت مدنی» جایگاه برتر را کسب کرد. در نهایت، نتایج بر ضرورت گذار شهرداری‌ها از روش‌های سنتی تأمین مالی به شیوه‌های نوینِ متکی بر سرمایه‌گذاری بخش خصوصی تأکید دارد و نشان می‌دهد ‌انتخاب روش مناسب، راه‌حلی واحد ندارد و باید به‌ صورت منعطف و متناسب با ماهیت و مقیاس هر پروژه صورت گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Ranking of innovative financing instruments for urban projects using a hybrid multi-criteria approach (case study: Hamedan Municipality)

نویسندگان English

Ali Samavat 1
Ruhollah Sohrabi 2
Amirhossein Rahbar 3
1 Master of Business Administration, Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
2 Associate professor, Department of Management, Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
3 Assistant professor, Department of Management, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
چکیده English

With the expansion of metropolises and the increasing demand for urban services, traditional municipal revenues are not sufficient to cover development and current costs. This financial gap makes the move towards modern financing methods necessary. The present research was conducted with the aim of prioritizing 24 innovative financing instruments (derived from the literature) for 5 selected projects of Hamadan Municipality, employing a quantitative strategy and utilizing the opinions of 15 experts in the field of finance and investment. For this purpose, multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques were applied, wherein the weighting of criteria was performed through the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and the final ranking of alternatives was conducted using the TOPSIS technique. Findings showed that among the five criteria (risk, cost, time, return, and efficiency), the “efficiency” indicator, with a weight of 0.476, holds the highest importance in selecting the financing method. Furthermore, the project prioritization results indicate that in large-scale and revenue-generating projects with stable cash flows, participatory methods of the BOT family are the priority. Whereas for real estate projects lacking continuous income and based on asset value, the instruments of “land and building fund,” “civil partnership,” and “barter” are considered preferred options. In commercial projects, the “civil partnership” method also achieved a superior position. Finally, the results emphasize the necessity of municipalities transitioning from traditional financing methods to modern modes relying on private sector investment and demonstrate that selecting the appropriate method does not have a single solution and must be undertaken flexibly and in proportion to the nature and scale of each project.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Hamadan
Multi-criteria decision making
Public-private partnership (PPP)
Urban financing
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دوره 7، شماره 6
در حال تکمیل
شهریور 1405
صفحه 64-78

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