اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری

اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری

تحلیل فضایی ـ زمانی مکان‌گزینی مراکز مدیریتی عمومی دولتی و تأثیر آن در تشدید جدایی‌گزینی فضایی تهران (1372-1400)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشیار گروه شهرسازی، دانشکدۀ معماری و شهرسازی دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران
2 کارشناس ارشد برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران‌
چکیده
شهر تهران با شکاف فضایی تاریخی و قطب‌بندی آشکار شمال ـ جنوب مواجه است. این پژوهش با این فرض که الگوی مکان‌گزینی نهادهای مدیریتی دولتی می‌تواند بر تداوم یا تشدید این نابرابری اثرگذار باشد، به بررسی هم‌پیوندی مکانی این نهادها با شاخص‌های شکاف فضایی طی سه دهۀ اخیر (1372-۱۴۰۰) می‌پردازد. روش پژوهش، کمّی و تحلیلی ـ مکانی بوده و داده‌های آن شامل: موقعیت مکانی ۲۱ نهاد مدیریتی و دولتی، متوسط قیمت زمین، تعداد پروانه‌های تخریب و نوسازی و مساحت بافت‌های فرسوده در سطح مناطق ۲۲گانۀ تهران است. تحلیل‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار ArcGIS و به‌کارگیری دو تکنیک «تحلیل مرکز میانه» (برای شناسایی الگو و روند جابه‌جایی مکانی نهادها) و «هم‌پوشانی مکانی» (برای سنجش ارتباط محل استقرار نهادها با شاخص‌های نابرابری) انجام شده است. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد الگوی توزیع مکانی نهادهای مورد بررسی، تمرکزگرا و نامتوازن است. «مرکز میانه» این نهادها در شمال محور انقلاب قرار داشته و روند جابه‌جایی آن طی زمان به سمت مناطق شمالی و مرتفع‌تر شهر بوده است. نتایج تحلیل هم‌پوشانی نیز هم‌مکانی قابل‌ توجهی بین کانون‌های استقرار نهادهای مدیریتی و پهنه‌های با «قیمت زمین بالا»، «تراکم بالای پروانه‌های نوسازی» و «مساحت ناچیز بافت فرسوده» را آشکار می‌سازد. این هم‌پیوندی فضایی، حکایت از آن دارد که الگوی مکان‌گزینی نهادهای دولتی در تهران، به جای نقش تعدیل‌گری، با کانون‌های تمرکز سرمایه و قدرت همسو شده و احتمالاً به شکل‌گیری چرخه‌ای معیوب در تشدید جدایی‌گزینی فضایی دامن زده است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Spatiotemporal analysis of managerial institution locations and their role in intensifying spatial segregation in Tehran (1993-2021)

نویسندگان English

Reza Kheyroddin 1
Nazanin Mostafavi Esfahani 2
Ali Sarmadi 2
1 Urban Planning Department, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
2 Urban Planning Department, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Tehran faces a historical spatial segregation and a pronounced north–south polarization. This research proceeds from the assumption that the locational pattern of state managerial institutions can influence the persistence or intensification of this inequality. It examines the spatial co‑location of these institutions with indicators of the spatial gap over the last three decades (1993–2021). The research method is quantitative and spatial‑analytical, using data including the locations of 21 managerial and state institutions, average land price, number of demolition and renovation permits, and the area of worn‑out fabric across Tehran’s 22 districts. The analyses were performed in ArcGIS, employing two techniques: median center analysis (to identify the pattern and trend of institutional spatial shifts) and spatial overlay (to measure the association between institution locations and inequality indicators). The findings reveal that the spatial distribution pattern of the studied institutions is centralized and unbalanced. The median center of these institutions has been located in the north of Enqelab Avenue axis, with a clear shifting trend over time toward the northern and more elevated districts of the city. The overlay analysis also shows a notable spatial co‑location between the clusters of managerial institutions and areas with high land prices, high density of renovation permits, and negligible area of worn‑out fabric. This spatial linkage suggests that, rather than playing a moderating role, the locational pattern of state institutions in Tehran has aligned with the cores of capital and power concentration, potentially contributing to a vicious cycle that intensifies spatial segregation.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

public and governmental institutions
spatial location
spatial segregation
Tehran urban governance
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دوره 7، شماره 10
دی 1405
صفحه 32-47

  • تاریخ دریافت 13 آبان 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 26 آذر 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 02 دی 1404