اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری

اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری

ارزیابی و طراحی بهینۀ زیرساخت شارژ خودروهای برقی مبتنی بر انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر در کلان‌شهرهای ایران در راستای حمل‌ونقل پایدار شهری

نوع مقاله : مطالعه موردی

نویسنده
استادیار، دانشکدۀ علوم و فناوری‌‌های نوین، دانشگاه صنعتی ارومیه، ایران
چکیده
با توجه به معضلات اساسی آلودگی هوا و محدودیت‌های زیرساختی شبکۀ توزیع در کلان‌شهرهای پرجمعیت، این تحقیق بر توسعۀ استراتژی‌های بومی‌سازی‌شده برای بهبود الگوهای مصرف پایدار تمرکز دارد. مطالعۀ موردی شش کلان‌شهر ایران (تهران، مشهد، اصفهان، کرج، شیراز و تبریز) مبنای تحلیل این راهکارها قرار گرفته است. این پژوهش به طراحی و ارزیابی فنی ـ اقتصادی ایستگاه‌های شارژ مبتنی بر انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر می‌پردازد و با استفاده از نرم‌افزار HOMER Pro سه سناریوی مختلف شامل اتصال به شبکۀ برق شهری، سیستم هیبریدی تجدیدپذیر (خورشیدی ـ بادی ـ ذخیره) مستقل از شبکه و سیستم هیبریدی متشکل از سامانه‌های فتوولتائیک، توربین بادی، ذخیره‌ساز انرژی و اتصال به شبکۀ برق شهری مورد شبیه‌سازی و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد سناریوی سوم، یعنی سیستم هیبریدی متصل به شبکه، از نظر اقتصادی و زیست‌محیطی عملکرد به‌مراتب بهتری دارد. در این حالت، هزینۀ خالص فعلی (NPC) در محدودۀ منفی بین 2/01 تا 3/23 میلیون دلار قرار گرفته که بیانگر بازگشت سرمایه و سودآوری طرح است. همچنین، هزینۀ نرمالیزه انرژی (LCOE) به حدود 0/05 دلار بر کیلووات‌ساعت کاهش یافته و انتشار سالانۀ دی‌اکسید کربن به‌ طور میانگین بیش از 1/5 میلیون کیلوگرم کاهش یافته است. این نتایج نشان می‌دهد ادغام منابع خورشیدی، بادی و ذخیره‌ساز باتری در قالب ریزشبکه‌های هوشمند، علاوه بر تأمین پایدار انرژی مورد نیاز ایستگاه‌های شارژ، موجب کاهش وابستگی به شبکۀ برق فسیلی، بهبود کارایی اقتصادی و کاهش قابل ‌توجه آلودگی هوا در شهرهای بزرگ ایران می‌شود. بنابراین، مدل پیشنهادی می‌تواند به ‌عنوان راهکاری مؤثر برای توسعۀ حمل‌ونقل برقی و تحقق اهداف توسعۀ پایدار شهری مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Evaluation and optimal design of electric vehicle charging infrastructure based on renewable energies in Iranian metropolises toward sustainable urban transportation

نویسنده English

Mohammad Hossein Amrollahi
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Sciences and Modern Technologies, Urmia University of Technology, Iran
چکیده English

Given the critical challenges of air pollution and infrastructure limitations of distribution networks in densely populated metropolitan areas, this research focuses on developing localized strategies to improve sustainable consumption patterns. A case study of six major Iranian metropolises (Tehran, Mashhad, Isfahan, Karaj, Shiraz, and Tabriz) serves as the basis for analyzing these strategies. This study designs and conducts a techno-economic assessment of renewable-energy-based electric vehicle charging stations. Using HOMER Pro software, three scenarios are simulated and analyzed: (1) charging stations connected to the urban electricity grid, (2) an off-grid hybrid renewable system (solar, wind, storage), and (3) a hybrid system composed of photovoltaic panels, wind turbines, battery storage, and grid connection. 
The results indicated that the third scenario, the on-grid hybrid system, offers significantly better economic and environmental performance. In this configuration, the Net Present Cost (NPC) fell within a negative range between $2.01 and $3.23 million, indicating capital recovery and project profitability. The Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) decreased to about $0.05/kWh, and annual carbon dioxide emissions were reduced by an average of over 1.5 million kg. These findings demonstrated that integrating solar and wind resources with battery storage in the form of smart microgrids not only ensures a reliable energy supply for charging stations but also reduces dependence on fossil-fuel-based power grids, improves economic efficiency, and significantly reduces air pollution in large Iranian cities. Therefore, the proposed model can be used as an effective solution for expanding electric transportation and achieving urban sustainable development goals.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Charging Station Management and Optimization
Electric Vehicles
Iranian Metropolises
Renewable Energy
Urban Sustainable Transportation
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دوره 7، شماره 4
تیر 1405
صفحه 48-64

  • تاریخ دریافت 12 شهریور 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 22 آبان 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 08 آذر 1404