اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری

اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری

پویایی فضایی ـ زمانی LULC و پوشش گیاهی و ارتباط آن با پدیدۀ جزایر گرمایی در شهر رشت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
شهریار رضایی 1
علی‌اکبر سالاری‌پور 2
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد برنامه‌ریزی شهری، گروه شهرسازی، دانشکدۀ معماری و هنر، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران
2 دانشیار گروه شهرسازی، دانشکدۀ معماری و هنر، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران
10.22034/uep.2025.556211.1756
چکیده
رشد شتابان و غیرقابل کنترل شهرنشینی در کلان‌شهرهای مرطوب شمال ایران، مانند رشت، باعث تبدیل اراضی کشاورزی و سبز به سطوح نفوذناپذیر شده که به تشدید جزایر گرمایی شهری (SUHI) و کاهش کیفیت زیست شهری منجر شده است. این پژوهش با هدف تحلیل تغییرات بلندمدت کاربری اراضی و پوشش زمین (LULC) و تأثیر آن‌ها بر الگوهای دمای سطح زمین (LST) در رشت از سال ۲۰۰۰ تا ۲۰۲۴ انجام شده است. داده‌های حرارتی ماهواره‌های Landsat برای استخراج LST با الگوریتم‌های اختصاصی هر سنجنده به ‌کار گرفته شده و برای رفع نواقص SLC در ETM+، از ترکیب زمانی و نرمال‌سازی پرتوی استفاده شده است. نقشه‌های LULC و ساختار شهری با تصاویر Landsat و Sentinel-2 و استفاده از شاخص‌های طیفی NDVI‏،‏ NDBI‏،‏ DBI و EBBI تولید شده و روابط بین ساختار پوشش و دمای سطح با تحلیل همبستگی کمی بررسی شد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد سهم سطوح ساخته‌شده از حدود 41 درصد به 63 درصد افزایش یافته و پوشش سبز و اراضی کشاورزی کاهش یافته است؛ این تغییرات با افزایش محسوس LST و ثبت بیشترین دما در سال ۲۰۱۶ هم‌زمان بوده است. همبستگی منفی میان NDVI و LST و همبستگی مثبت میان شاخص‌های ساخت‌وساز و دمای سطح، نشان‌دهندۀ تأثیر سطوح نفوذناپذیر بر گرمایش شهری است. در نتیجه، تقویت شبکه‌های سبز ـ آبی و استفاده از مصالح نفوذپذیر برای ارتقای تاب‌آوری حرارتی و برنامه‌ریزی اقلیم‌محور پیشنهاد می‌شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
تحلیل فضایی ـ زمانی
تغییر کاربری و پوشش زمین (LULC)
تنوع کاربری زمین
جزیرۀ گرمایی سطحی شهری (SUHI)
دمای سطح زمین (LST)
سنجش‌ازدور حرارتی مادون‌ قرمز

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Spatio-temporal dynamics of LULC and vegetation structure and their relationship with the urban heat island phenomenon in Rasht

نویسندگان English

Shahriar Rezaee 1
Aliakbar Salaripour 2
1 M.Sc. Student in urban planning, Department of Urban Studies, Faculty of Architecture and Art, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
2 Associate professor, Department of Urban Design and Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Arts, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
چکیده English

Rapid and uncontrolled urbanization in the humid megacities of northern Iran, such as Rasht, has transformed agricultural and green lands into impermeable surfaces, intensifying the urban heat island (UHI) effect and reducing the urban quality of life. This study examines the long-term dynamics of land use and land cover (LULC) and their impact on land surface temperature (LST) patterns in Rasht from 2000 to 2024. Thermal data from Landsat satellites were used to extract LST with sensor-specific algorithms. Multi-temporal mosaicking and radiometric normalization were applied to address SLC errors in ETM+. LULC and urban structure maps were generated using Landsat and Sentinel-2 imagery, incorporating spectral indices such as NDVI, NDBI, DBI, and EBBI. The study examined the correlations between land cover/urban structure and surface temperature. Results show that built-up areas increased from 41% to 63%, while green cover and agricultural lands decreased, correlating with a significant rise in LST and the highest average temperature recorded in 2016. A strong negative correlation between NDVI and LST (-0.7 to -0.8) and a high positive correlation between construction indices and LST (0.6 to 0.8) highlight the role of impermeable surfaces and fragmented green buffers in urban warming. The study suggests enhancing green-blue networks (including wetlands and agricultural lands), developing continuous green corridors, and utilizing reflective and permeable materials as key strategies to improve thermal resilience and support climate-responsive urban planning in Rasht.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Land surface temperature (LST)
Land use diversity
Land use/land cover (LULC) change
Spatio-temporal analysis
Surface urban heat island (SUHI)
Thermal infrared remote sensing
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اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری
دوره 7، شماره 4
تیر 1405
صفحه 18-46

  • تاریخ دریافت 09 آبان 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 01 آذر 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 02 آذر 1404