اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری

اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری

تبیین ادراک برنامه‌ریزان و مدیران شهری تهران از مفهوم توسعۀ حمل‌ونقل‌محور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 کارشناسی ارشد برنامه‌ریزی منطقه‌ای دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران
2 استادیار دانشکدۀ معماری و شهرسازی دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران
چکیده
TOD به‌ عنوان یکی از پارادایم‌های شهرسازی، در کانون مدیریت شهری تهران قرار گرفته است. این رویکرد که بر اصولی همچون افزایش تراکم، اختلاط کاربری و پیاده‌محوری استوار است، نویدبخش کاهش وابستگی به خودرو و ارتقای کیفیت زیست شهری است. با این‌حال، دیدگاه متخصصان، بیانگر وجود چالش‌هایی در تفسیر اهداف TOD در رویکردهای اجرایی است. پژوهش به دنبال آن است که بفهمد این مفهوم در ذهن تصمیم‌گیران تهران چگونه تفسیر می‌شود و چه تفاوتی با مبانی نظری آن دارد. این پژوهش با استفاده از روش تحلیل مضمون و بر اساس مصاحبه‌های عمیق با هشت تن از متخصصان به واکاوی این موضوع می‌پردازد. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد متخصصان درک روشنی از اصول TOD، یعنی ایجاد شهری فشرده، پیاده‌محور و باکیفیت زندگی بالا دارند. اما این آرمان تحت‌الشعاع تفاسیر نادرست قرار گرفته و مفهوم «توسعه» به «کسب درآمد از تراکم» فروکاسته شده است. ریشۀ این تحریف، در رویکرد منفعت‌محور و سیاست‌های مدیریتی نهفته است که TOD را نه یک راهبرد شهرسازی، بلکه ابزاری برای کسب درآمد و تأمین مالی پروژه‌های دیگر می‌بیند. این رویکرد ابزاری با چالش‌های ساختاری و موانع اجرایی، از جمله مشکلات حقوقی، اشباع زیرساخت‌ها و تضاد با اسناد بالادستی مواجه است، مسیر نادرست، به ‌جای تحقق اهداف، به پیش‌بینی پیامدهای منفی اجتماعی و اقتصادی منجر شده است؛ از جمله تشدید نابرابری و خدشه‌دار شدن هویت محلات. در نهایت، این عوامل به چشم‌انداز بدبینانه و پیش‌بینی شکست طرح در رسیدن به اهداف خود منجر می‌شود، به ‌گونه‌ای که میراث آن نه یک شهر کارآمد، بلکه مجموعه‌ای از پروژه‌های ساختمانی گسسته خواهد بود.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Elucidating Tehran’s urban planners and city managers' perceptions of transit-oriented development (TOD)

نویسندگان English

Amin Mohtajallah Yazdi 1
MohammadSaleh ShokouhiBidhendi 2
1 M.Sc. in Regional Planning, Iran University of Science and Technology
2 Assistant Professor, School of Architecture and Environmental Design, Iran University of Science and Technology
چکیده English

TOD, as an urban planning paradigm, has become central to Tehran’s management. This approach, based on principles such as increased density, mixed land use, and pedestrian orientation, promises to reduce automobile dependency and improve urban quality of life. However, expert perspectives reveal significant challenges in interpreting TOD’s objectives within its implementation frameworks. This research aims to understand how Tehran’s decision-makers interpret this concept and how this interpretation diverges from its theoretical foundations. Using a thematic analysis methodology, this study explores the subject through in-depth interviews with eight experts. The findings indicate that while experts understand TOD’s core principles—creating a compact, pedestrian-focused city with a high quality of life—this ideal is overshadowed by misinterpretations that reduce the concept of “development” to simple “revenue generation from density.” Such distortions stem from a profit-driven approach and managerial policies that view TOD not as an urban planning strategy but as a revenue-generating tool to fund other projects. This instrumentalist approach faces structural challenges and implementation barriers, including legal issues, infrastructure saturation, and conflicts with higher-level planning documents. Rather than achieving its intended goals, this misguided path is likely to produce negative social and economic consequences, such as exacerbating inequality and eroding neighborhood identity. Ultimately, these factors contribute to a pessimistic outlook, foreshadowing the plan’s failure to meet its objectives. Consequently, its legacy is anticipated to be not a functional, efficient city, but a collection of fragmented, disconnected construction projects.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Density-Derived Revenues
Thematic Analysis
Transit-Oriented Development
Urban Management
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دوره 7، شماره 3
خرداد 1405
صفحه 24-43

  • تاریخ دریافت 14 مهر 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 11 آبان 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 16 آبان 1404